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gpt-neox-20b

gpt-neox-20b is EleutherAI's 20B autoregressive language model, trained on the Pile dataset and released in 2022 as the largest fully open-weights English LLM at the time. It uses the GPT-NeoX architecture with rotary position embeddings and trained in bf16 on TPUs. While now superseded by much larger models, it remains historically significant and is a baseline for open LLM research.

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From the model card

Fields below are copied from the tags and counters on the HuggingFace repository EleutherAI/gpt-neox-20b at our last fetch. They are set by the uploader, not verified by us; rows with no tag are omitted. How this page is made.

Publisher (HF namespace)
EleutherAI
Pipeline tag
text-generation
Library
Transformers
Framework tags
PyTorch
Weight formats
safetensors
License tag
apache-2.0 — read the license file in the repo before relying on it
Language tags
English (en)
Papers cited
arXiv:2204.06745, arXiv:2101.00027, arXiv:2201.07311, arXiv:2104.09864
Datasets declared
EleutherAI/pile
Downloads (HF counter at last fetch)
746,824
Likes (HF counter at last fetch)
585
Model card
https://huggingface.co/EleutherAI/gpt-neox-20b

Use cases

  • Open-weights LLM research and ablation studies
  • Text generation and completion on English corpora
  • Fine-tuning base for domain-specific text generation
  • Benchmarking historical open LLM progress
  • Low-level analysis of large autoregressive LM behavior

Pros

  • Apache-2.0 licensed with fully open weights and training details
  • Rotary position embeddings enable better extrapolation than learned positional encodings
  • Trained on the Pile — well-documented open training corpus
  • Historical reference point for open LLM research reproducibility

Cons

  • 20B parameters require significant GPU memory (40GB+ in fp32) for inference
  • No instruction tuning — generates completions, not chat responses
  • Significantly outperformed by newer open models (Llama 3, Qwen) on all benchmarks
  • Pile dataset includes web data with known quality and bias issues

Tags

transformerspytorchsafetensorsgpt_neoxtext-generationcausal-lmendataset:EleutherAI/pilearxiv:2204.06745arxiv:2101.00027arxiv:2201.07311arxiv:2104.09864license:apache-2.0text-generation-inferenceendpoints_compatibleregion:usdeploy:azure